Improve this question. Ultra Ultra 21 5 5 bronze badges. Add a comment. Active Oldest Votes. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Post as a guest Name. Email Required, but never shown. The Overflow Blog. Podcast Who is building clouds for the independent developer? Observe your traffic. Pretend to be the destination server, a technique known as machine-in-the-middle attack MitM. That is why you should pay even more attention to the security warnings in Tor Browser.
If you get such a warning, use the New Identity feature of Tor Browser to change exit node. To learn more about what information is available to someone observing the different parts of a Tor circuit, see the interactive graphics at Tor FAQ: Can exit nodes eavesdrop on communications? Tor exit nodes have been used in the past to collect sensitive information from unencrypted connections.
Malicious exit nodes are regularly identified and removed from the Tor network. For an example, see Ars Technica: Security expert used Tor to collect government e-mail passwords. A powerful adversary, who could analyze the timing and shape of the traffic entering and exiting the Tor network, might be able to deanonymize Tor users. These attacks are called end-to-end correlation attacks, because the attacker has to observe both ends of a Tor circuit at the same time.
End-to-end correlation attacks have been studied in research papers, but we don't know of any actual use to deanonymize Tor users. Tails protects you from viruses and malware on your usual operating system. This is because Tails runs independently from other operating systems.
But your Tails might be corrupted if you install from a compromised operating system. To reduce that risk:. Always install Tails from a trusted operating system. For example, download Tails on a computer without viruses or clone Tails from a trusted friend. Do not use your Tails USB stick to transfer files to or from another operating system. If you worry that your Tails might be corrupted, do a manual upgrade from a trusted operating system.
We don't know of any virus able to infect a Tails installation, but one could be created in the future. Your computer might be compromised if its physical components have been altered. For example, if a keylogger has been physically installed on your computer, your passwords, personal information, and other data typed on your keyboard could be stored and accessed by someone else, even if you are using Tails.
Try to keep your computer in a safe location. Use a password manager to paste saved passwords. This way, you don't have to type passwords that might be visible to people or cameras near you. Use the Screen Keyboard , if you are using a public computer or worry that the computer might have a keylogger. Keyloggers are easy to buy and hide on desktop computers but not on laptops. For an example, see KeeLog: KeyGrabber forensic keylogger getting started.
Other hardware alterations are much more complicated and expensive to install. All operating systems, including Tails, depend on firmware to start and run, so no operating system can protect against a firmware attack.
In the same way that a car depends on the quality of the road it is driving on, operating systems depend on their firmware. Keeping your computer in a safe location can protect against some firmware attacks, but some other firmware attacks can be performed remotely.
Firmware attacks have been demonstrated, but are complicated and expensive to perform. We don't know of any actual use against Tails users. Tails Search. Tails puts the most vulnerable in control of their digital lives. Donate now to fight surveillance and censorship! Faites un don pour combattre la surveillance et la censure! Dona ora per combattere la sorveglianza e la censura!
Download Tails 4. X With an unverified download, you might: Lose time if your download is incomplete or broken due to an error during the download.
Software similar to Tails 8. Tor Browser Protect your privacy. Defend yourself against network surveillance and traffic analysis. Tor is free software and an open network that helps you defend against surveillance that threatens personal freedom and privacy. Debian Debian is a free operating system OS for your computer.
This version is known as "Bullseye". Arch Linux Ubuntu Fast, free and incredibly easy to use, the Ubuntu operating system powers millions of desktop PCs, laptops and servers around the world. Search Downloads.
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